Colin Wyatt Going Wild: Butterfly Collecting in Australia.
Sept 30, 2016 7:05:53 GMT
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Post by nomad on Sept 30, 2016 7:05:53 GMT
Colin Wyatt Going Wild: Butterfly Collecting in Australia.
" I remember an occasion during the war while off duty in Townsville in Northern Australia I was in uniform, shorts and shirt and hat, and had just caught an extremely rare butterfly, Nacaduba dana ios, which had never before been recorded from so far south in Australia and of which very few specimens were known. This capture increased its known range by some 800 miles and was of some scientific value. Suddenly a man and a girl appeared on the track I had just left and yelled; " You ought to be ashamed of yourself, that's what you ought!" Quite apart from the scientific angle, I felt strongly that what an airman did off duty for relaxation in war-time was none of their business; however, I took no notice and after a couple of cat calls they went on. Small wonder that some scientific workers have given sharp retorts to such people and thus quite unfairly gained a bad reputatation for themselves. It is very difficult to explain things to the prejudiced and intolerant." Colin Wyatt from Going Wild (1955)
.
Colin William Wyatt (1909-1975) usually succeeded in his chosen interest. A Cambridge graduate who during the 1930s was three times a ski champion at the British championships in Switzerland. As a keen mountaineer and an extreme ski tourer he visited the Alps and New Zealand. Wyatt was multilingual, speaking seven languages and a talented artist. Wyatt travelled extensively visiting among other places Scandinavia, The Rockie Mountains, Baffin Island, Kashmir, Afghanistan and Iran. Wyatt was well liked by the people that met him, his relaxed and friendly self assured manner drew people towards him.
Wyatt always seems to have been keen on Natural History and his passion was for butterflies. He built up a large and varied collection. He collected many specimens himself during his travels and obtained others by building up a network of friendly entomologists that exchanged butterflies with him. Wyatt's obsession was to possess rare butterflies and he was quite prepared to go to any lengths to procure them.
This English collector left his home at Farnham in Surrey and spent a year in Australia during 1936. He returned two year later just as Britain declared War on Germany and Wyatt joined the RAAF and served with a camouflage unit in Australia and New Guinea. Wyatt what not involved in any combat during the war, his postings to New Guinea were after the fighting had moved to another theater. As an amateur Lepidopterist, Wyatt was very knowledgeable on his subject and initially he became friends with a number of Australian butterfly experts such as G.A. Waterhouse of Sydney
During 1942 Wyatt had asked G. A. Waterhouse if there were any duplicates in his extensive Australian collection housed in a special room in the Sydney Museum. A surprised Waterhouse replied there were no such specimens available. Waterhouse then told the Sydney Museum staff that on no account was Wyatt to be left with his collection unsupervised. Waterhouse had been on collecting trips with Wyatt and he had noticed that he could be greedy in his collecting and that he was on always trying to divulge information from him where rare butterflies were found.
Waterhouse wrote to Norman Riley for a reference on Wyatt's character, who replied back that they had problems with him when he had visiting their own British Museum collection. Waterhouse, ever the complete gentleman decided to keep these findings to himself, a decision that he would later regret.
Wyatt had built up an extensive Australian collection but there were large gaps in it. Wyatt decided that during 1946 he would rectify this matter by stealing all the rarities he was missing from various Australian museums before he returned to England at the beginning of January 1947. This Wyatt knew would not be easy, but he was not deterred, and he carried out his plans of deception by military precision. Had not a friend noted on one of his mountain ski trips that " he never showed any fear and had nerves of steel".
During 1946, Wyatt put his plans into action. First he arranged a collecting trip to New South Wales with the Entomology curator of the Melbourne Museum Mr N.A. Burns. Both men got on famously because of their interest, the collecting was very good but Wyatt knew that shortly it was going to get even better. Wyatt left Burns in New South Wales and took a plane directly to Melbourne. He then visited the Melbourne Museum and was given open access to the butterfly collections because of his association with their curator. Over the weekend Wyatt removed 827 specimens from their collection in tins in his pockets and one must suppose others in boxes that supposedly held his own specimens for identification.
Then he decided at some point to raid the Adelaide Museum because they had lots of rarities that were missing in his collection, but how to do it. The visitors were always supervised by the museum authorities and you needed several references to access the collections. So he visited the Adelaide museum and as the last visitors were asked to leave he hid and was locked in for the night. At his leisure he removed 603 of the rarest specimens from the collection and broke out by breaking a window. When the damage was detected, as nothing appeared to be missing at that time, it was thought that a visitor had accidentally been locked in the museum and had broken out.
Wyatt's next target was the famous G.A. Waterhouse collection in the Sydney Museum, which would perhaps be his most despicable theft yet. It would need several visits to the museum to remove all the specimens that Wyatt wanted, some types were known by just a single or few examples. Wyatt devised an ingenious plan that showed that when it came to obtaining specimens he had no scruples or morals at all. By 1946 Waterhouse was 70 and ill and he was confined to his home. At the museum there were several new staff and one day with a fraudulent letter from the publishers Angus and Roberston an exuberant Wyatt turned up. He needed to visit the Waterhouse collection because he was revising Waterhouse's well known book "What Butterfly Is That".
Gaining access to the Waterhouse room, Wyatt was particularly interested in the cream of the collection, the beautiful metallic blue butterflies of the genus Ogyris (Lycaenidae), which are extremely hard to catch, because they fly among tree-tops. To get them, Dr. G. A. Waterhouse had to climb tall trees and strap himself to the trunk while he wielded his net. Sometimes there was only one specimen of a species Wyatt wanted, so he supplemented it with a more common species that he had collected himself and bought with him or by taking another specimen from one Waterhouse drawers and closing the gap that it left. Wyatt could not contain himself, he purloined 1500 rare butterflies from the Sydney Museum and as he left he on his last visit, he thanked the museum staff most profusely for their help.
At the ANIC at Canberra he manged get away with 50 rarities, some of which were collected by Mr T.G. Campbell. Later on meeting, Mr Thomas Campbell Wyatt congratulated him on being a very successful collector.
As he sailed home in January 1947 Wyatt must had been very pleased with himself, he now had the finest Australian collection in private hands. No one could match his collection for types, rarities and some of those specimens were not likely to be collected again for a long time. Wyatt sent his hoard of stolen butterflies back to England on an earlier ship, so if he was searched the museum butterflies would not be found in his possession. Once Wyatt got home, the real damage was done, he removed all the labels on the valuable specimens including those of the types and replaced them with his own localities and with the collectors names "J.B. or G. Purcell" Synonyms for himself. Wyatt's enjoyment of his acquisitions would be short lived.
Soon after Wyatt sailed for England, his friend N. A. Burns the entomologist at the Melbourne National Museum, by chance had to access the George Lyell butterfly collection and in doing so he noticed that hundreds of specimens were missing. He contacted the other Australian museums among them Sydney and Adelaide who found that many of their important specimens had also vanished. Wyatt was immediately suspected and John Evans in London who was working at the Imperial Institute of Entomology was contacted. Evans went to Scotland Yard but at first had difficulty in convincing them of the importance of the theft of the Australian butterflies.
Scotland Yard raided Wyatt's house and found many Australian butterflies. Wyatt claimed he had collected them all himself in Australia but the game was up. The Australian butterflies were examined by three Lepidopterists W.H. Evans, T.G. Howarth and N.D. Riley of the British Museum and after several weeks they found 1600 specimens that certainly belonged to the Australian Museums and another 1400 specimens that had suspect data. The 3000 specimens were sent back to Australia be examined by the top butterfly experts from the museums where the thefts had taken place. It took years to sort out the confusion caused by Wyatt and because there was some doubt as to the correct localities of many specimens were collected, all had another added label, " passed through C.W. Wyatt theft collection 1946-1947. Some specimens were never found and the ANIC never got back their 50 lost treasures.
Wyatt at his trial at West Ham Court in London blamed this moral lapse on the break up with his wife and it was recorded that his defending solicitor almost had the jury in tears. Poor old Wyatt and his 'Wicked Wife'. Wyatt told the jury " he had taken up his old hobby of collecting butterflies during a period of worry caused by differences with his wife. It used to keep my mind occupied in the evenings arranging and classifying them". What he did during these evenings of classification was, in the opinion of entomologists, to throw into confusion the accurate classification which had been made by Australian scientists over several decades. The most harmful of his changes was to remove the labels on many "type" specimens. Wyatt was found guilty and fined a £100 pounds. It is interesting that in August 1946 Wyatt, then at the height of his Australian Museum butterfly collecting wrote a letter to the Entomologist Le Souef " I have got over the worse now of the marriage break up, and quite frankly am having a hell of a lot of fun even if it does dig into the exchequer a bit, It's an odd life; the main thing is not to take it seriously". Before he set foot on Australian soil, Wyatt had apparently stolen specimens from the British Museum of Natural History. Below... A Link to a Australian Newspaper report about the trial of the 38 year old Colin Wyatt with an image of him taken at the time.
trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/93344521?searchTerm=butterflies&searchLimits=exactPhrase|||anyWords|||notWords|||requestHandler|||dateFrom|||dateTo|||sortby
G.A. Waterhouse was now 70 and ill, so he was not told of the true extent of the Wyatt thefts from his collection but he found out anyway by reading an article in a Sydney Newspaper, to which he replied " In justice to myself, my friends, and the public, I wish to emphasize that the article on the stolen butterflies in Saturday's "Herald" was not seen by me until it appeared in print. Strangely enough, I only knew that the butterflies had been returned to Australia a few days ago. I knew Wyatt when he first came to Australia and helped him by showing him my best collecting spots. In return he stole some specimens I had collected and given to the Australian Museum. I soon found that he was not what he claimed to be. He could not be called a scientist, and I did not consent to Wyatt preparing a revised edition of "What Butterfly is That" I am sure that Messrs. Angus and Robertson, with whom I have been on the best of terms for 40 years, would have done nothing without consulting me because of my serious illness in 1943 I was not able to see the collection for some years. Some of these specimens were collected over 50 years ago and would be recognized by me anywhere. Had it not been for my illness the specimens would never have been stolen, as I would have noticed any marked removals. To Mr. A. N. Burns, of the Melbourne Museum, is due the credit of the discovery in the first place."
A. Musgrave said of Wyatt's false labels many with the fictional name added, "if this mythical collector "G. Purcell" had existed he would have been an entomological Superman. The labels give the impression that one day he was netting rare specimens at Groote Eylandt, then after a brief interval was doing the same in remote parts of Victoria or South Australia."
In the Sydney Museum there is an index of all the entomological visitors, a fixed card was attached to Wyatt's name as a memento. It reads: "WYATT. Colin. Visited Australia August, 1939 January 1947. Collected butterflies (under the pseudonyms of 'J.B.' and 'G. Purcell') from many localities in the various museums of Australia."
Wyatt seemed to have the kind of personally where nothing phased him. He remained a keen and passionate butterfly collector for the rest of his life. He even produced an autobiography "Going Wild: The autobiography of a bug-hunter" (1955). Not surprisingly in his book Wyatt did not mention his collecting in the Australian Museums during 1946. Wyatt travelled the World collecting butterflies and earning a living by a number of occupations. He went to live in Canada for a number of years before returning to England. When he was 66, Colin Wyatt was tragically killed in plane crash in Guatemala during 1975.
Norman Riley said of Wyatt's collection "it was the best he had seen in private hands", by the time of his death it contained 90,000 specimens. Wyatt's collection was sold after his sudden death to the State Museum of Natural History of Karlsruhe in Germany.
In a paper published in 1981 'An Annotated List of butterflies' named by Colin W. Wyatt (Lepidoptera; Papilionoidea-Hesperioidea) the author Otakar Kudrna from the Bonn Museum gave some interesting details of Wyatt's later life and remarked " The very unkind stories spread about him by those who never forgive sins of other people, probably because they never think that they never sin themselves were so far as I am aware exaggerated". See alt.zfmk.de/BZB/1981/1981%20Kudrna%20O.%20p221%20orginal.pdf
Wyatt's Museum collecting episode is well known by Australian Entomologists, after all he did try to steal part of their National Heritage. Wyatt it seems did his very best to hide his museum collecting episode during 1946 in his own country and elsewhere and as the paper by Kudrna shows he was quite successful. There can no doubt that Colin Wyatt was a very skilled and experienced field collector but the fact remains that he did calculated damage to a science that he professed to love. I have written this piece not to judge Wyatt but because it is an interesting piece of factual Butterfly History.
References. Various Australian Newspapers accessed on Trove.
A Rich and Diverse Fauna: The History of the Australian National Collection 1926-1991 (1997) by Murray S. Upton.
Biology of Australian Butterflies by Roger Laurence Kitching (1999).
Colin Wyatt Going Wild Autobiography of a Bug Hunter (1955).
Various PDFs.
" I remember an occasion during the war while off duty in Townsville in Northern Australia I was in uniform, shorts and shirt and hat, and had just caught an extremely rare butterfly, Nacaduba dana ios, which had never before been recorded from so far south in Australia and of which very few specimens were known. This capture increased its known range by some 800 miles and was of some scientific value. Suddenly a man and a girl appeared on the track I had just left and yelled; " You ought to be ashamed of yourself, that's what you ought!" Quite apart from the scientific angle, I felt strongly that what an airman did off duty for relaxation in war-time was none of their business; however, I took no notice and after a couple of cat calls they went on. Small wonder that some scientific workers have given sharp retorts to such people and thus quite unfairly gained a bad reputatation for themselves. It is very difficult to explain things to the prejudiced and intolerant." Colin Wyatt from Going Wild (1955)
.
Colin William Wyatt (1909-1975) usually succeeded in his chosen interest. A Cambridge graduate who during the 1930s was three times a ski champion at the British championships in Switzerland. As a keen mountaineer and an extreme ski tourer he visited the Alps and New Zealand. Wyatt was multilingual, speaking seven languages and a talented artist. Wyatt travelled extensively visiting among other places Scandinavia, The Rockie Mountains, Baffin Island, Kashmir, Afghanistan and Iran. Wyatt was well liked by the people that met him, his relaxed and friendly self assured manner drew people towards him.
Wyatt always seems to have been keen on Natural History and his passion was for butterflies. He built up a large and varied collection. He collected many specimens himself during his travels and obtained others by building up a network of friendly entomologists that exchanged butterflies with him. Wyatt's obsession was to possess rare butterflies and he was quite prepared to go to any lengths to procure them.
This English collector left his home at Farnham in Surrey and spent a year in Australia during 1936. He returned two year later just as Britain declared War on Germany and Wyatt joined the RAAF and served with a camouflage unit in Australia and New Guinea. Wyatt what not involved in any combat during the war, his postings to New Guinea were after the fighting had moved to another theater. As an amateur Lepidopterist, Wyatt was very knowledgeable on his subject and initially he became friends with a number of Australian butterfly experts such as G.A. Waterhouse of Sydney
During 1942 Wyatt had asked G. A. Waterhouse if there were any duplicates in his extensive Australian collection housed in a special room in the Sydney Museum. A surprised Waterhouse replied there were no such specimens available. Waterhouse then told the Sydney Museum staff that on no account was Wyatt to be left with his collection unsupervised. Waterhouse had been on collecting trips with Wyatt and he had noticed that he could be greedy in his collecting and that he was on always trying to divulge information from him where rare butterflies were found.
Waterhouse wrote to Norman Riley for a reference on Wyatt's character, who replied back that they had problems with him when he had visiting their own British Museum collection. Waterhouse, ever the complete gentleman decided to keep these findings to himself, a decision that he would later regret.
Wyatt had built up an extensive Australian collection but there were large gaps in it. Wyatt decided that during 1946 he would rectify this matter by stealing all the rarities he was missing from various Australian museums before he returned to England at the beginning of January 1947. This Wyatt knew would not be easy, but he was not deterred, and he carried out his plans of deception by military precision. Had not a friend noted on one of his mountain ski trips that " he never showed any fear and had nerves of steel".
During 1946, Wyatt put his plans into action. First he arranged a collecting trip to New South Wales with the Entomology curator of the Melbourne Museum Mr N.A. Burns. Both men got on famously because of their interest, the collecting was very good but Wyatt knew that shortly it was going to get even better. Wyatt left Burns in New South Wales and took a plane directly to Melbourne. He then visited the Melbourne Museum and was given open access to the butterfly collections because of his association with their curator. Over the weekend Wyatt removed 827 specimens from their collection in tins in his pockets and one must suppose others in boxes that supposedly held his own specimens for identification.
Then he decided at some point to raid the Adelaide Museum because they had lots of rarities that were missing in his collection, but how to do it. The visitors were always supervised by the museum authorities and you needed several references to access the collections. So he visited the Adelaide museum and as the last visitors were asked to leave he hid and was locked in for the night. At his leisure he removed 603 of the rarest specimens from the collection and broke out by breaking a window. When the damage was detected, as nothing appeared to be missing at that time, it was thought that a visitor had accidentally been locked in the museum and had broken out.
Wyatt's next target was the famous G.A. Waterhouse collection in the Sydney Museum, which would perhaps be his most despicable theft yet. It would need several visits to the museum to remove all the specimens that Wyatt wanted, some types were known by just a single or few examples. Wyatt devised an ingenious plan that showed that when it came to obtaining specimens he had no scruples or morals at all. By 1946 Waterhouse was 70 and ill and he was confined to his home. At the museum there were several new staff and one day with a fraudulent letter from the publishers Angus and Roberston an exuberant Wyatt turned up. He needed to visit the Waterhouse collection because he was revising Waterhouse's well known book "What Butterfly Is That".
Gaining access to the Waterhouse room, Wyatt was particularly interested in the cream of the collection, the beautiful metallic blue butterflies of the genus Ogyris (Lycaenidae), which are extremely hard to catch, because they fly among tree-tops. To get them, Dr. G. A. Waterhouse had to climb tall trees and strap himself to the trunk while he wielded his net. Sometimes there was only one specimen of a species Wyatt wanted, so he supplemented it with a more common species that he had collected himself and bought with him or by taking another specimen from one Waterhouse drawers and closing the gap that it left. Wyatt could not contain himself, he purloined 1500 rare butterflies from the Sydney Museum and as he left he on his last visit, he thanked the museum staff most profusely for their help.
At the ANIC at Canberra he manged get away with 50 rarities, some of which were collected by Mr T.G. Campbell. Later on meeting, Mr Thomas Campbell Wyatt congratulated him on being a very successful collector.
As he sailed home in January 1947 Wyatt must had been very pleased with himself, he now had the finest Australian collection in private hands. No one could match his collection for types, rarities and some of those specimens were not likely to be collected again for a long time. Wyatt sent his hoard of stolen butterflies back to England on an earlier ship, so if he was searched the museum butterflies would not be found in his possession. Once Wyatt got home, the real damage was done, he removed all the labels on the valuable specimens including those of the types and replaced them with his own localities and with the collectors names "J.B. or G. Purcell" Synonyms for himself. Wyatt's enjoyment of his acquisitions would be short lived.
Soon after Wyatt sailed for England, his friend N. A. Burns the entomologist at the Melbourne National Museum, by chance had to access the George Lyell butterfly collection and in doing so he noticed that hundreds of specimens were missing. He contacted the other Australian museums among them Sydney and Adelaide who found that many of their important specimens had also vanished. Wyatt was immediately suspected and John Evans in London who was working at the Imperial Institute of Entomology was contacted. Evans went to Scotland Yard but at first had difficulty in convincing them of the importance of the theft of the Australian butterflies.
Scotland Yard raided Wyatt's house and found many Australian butterflies. Wyatt claimed he had collected them all himself in Australia but the game was up. The Australian butterflies were examined by three Lepidopterists W.H. Evans, T.G. Howarth and N.D. Riley of the British Museum and after several weeks they found 1600 specimens that certainly belonged to the Australian Museums and another 1400 specimens that had suspect data. The 3000 specimens were sent back to Australia be examined by the top butterfly experts from the museums where the thefts had taken place. It took years to sort out the confusion caused by Wyatt and because there was some doubt as to the correct localities of many specimens were collected, all had another added label, " passed through C.W. Wyatt theft collection 1946-1947. Some specimens were never found and the ANIC never got back their 50 lost treasures.
Wyatt at his trial at West Ham Court in London blamed this moral lapse on the break up with his wife and it was recorded that his defending solicitor almost had the jury in tears. Poor old Wyatt and his 'Wicked Wife'. Wyatt told the jury " he had taken up his old hobby of collecting butterflies during a period of worry caused by differences with his wife. It used to keep my mind occupied in the evenings arranging and classifying them". What he did during these evenings of classification was, in the opinion of entomologists, to throw into confusion the accurate classification which had been made by Australian scientists over several decades. The most harmful of his changes was to remove the labels on many "type" specimens. Wyatt was found guilty and fined a £100 pounds. It is interesting that in August 1946 Wyatt, then at the height of his Australian Museum butterfly collecting wrote a letter to the Entomologist Le Souef " I have got over the worse now of the marriage break up, and quite frankly am having a hell of a lot of fun even if it does dig into the exchequer a bit, It's an odd life; the main thing is not to take it seriously". Before he set foot on Australian soil, Wyatt had apparently stolen specimens from the British Museum of Natural History. Below... A Link to a Australian Newspaper report about the trial of the 38 year old Colin Wyatt with an image of him taken at the time.
trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/93344521?searchTerm=butterflies&searchLimits=exactPhrase|||anyWords|||notWords|||requestHandler|||dateFrom|||dateTo|||sortby
G.A. Waterhouse was now 70 and ill, so he was not told of the true extent of the Wyatt thefts from his collection but he found out anyway by reading an article in a Sydney Newspaper, to which he replied " In justice to myself, my friends, and the public, I wish to emphasize that the article on the stolen butterflies in Saturday's "Herald" was not seen by me until it appeared in print. Strangely enough, I only knew that the butterflies had been returned to Australia a few days ago. I knew Wyatt when he first came to Australia and helped him by showing him my best collecting spots. In return he stole some specimens I had collected and given to the Australian Museum. I soon found that he was not what he claimed to be. He could not be called a scientist, and I did not consent to Wyatt preparing a revised edition of "What Butterfly is That" I am sure that Messrs. Angus and Robertson, with whom I have been on the best of terms for 40 years, would have done nothing without consulting me because of my serious illness in 1943 I was not able to see the collection for some years. Some of these specimens were collected over 50 years ago and would be recognized by me anywhere. Had it not been for my illness the specimens would never have been stolen, as I would have noticed any marked removals. To Mr. A. N. Burns, of the Melbourne Museum, is due the credit of the discovery in the first place."
A. Musgrave said of Wyatt's false labels many with the fictional name added, "if this mythical collector "G. Purcell" had existed he would have been an entomological Superman. The labels give the impression that one day he was netting rare specimens at Groote Eylandt, then after a brief interval was doing the same in remote parts of Victoria or South Australia."
In the Sydney Museum there is an index of all the entomological visitors, a fixed card was attached to Wyatt's name as a memento. It reads: "WYATT. Colin. Visited Australia August, 1939 January 1947. Collected butterflies (under the pseudonyms of 'J.B.' and 'G. Purcell') from many localities in the various museums of Australia."
Wyatt seemed to have the kind of personally where nothing phased him. He remained a keen and passionate butterfly collector for the rest of his life. He even produced an autobiography "Going Wild: The autobiography of a bug-hunter" (1955). Not surprisingly in his book Wyatt did not mention his collecting in the Australian Museums during 1946. Wyatt travelled the World collecting butterflies and earning a living by a number of occupations. He went to live in Canada for a number of years before returning to England. When he was 66, Colin Wyatt was tragically killed in plane crash in Guatemala during 1975.
Norman Riley said of Wyatt's collection "it was the best he had seen in private hands", by the time of his death it contained 90,000 specimens. Wyatt's collection was sold after his sudden death to the State Museum of Natural History of Karlsruhe in Germany.
In a paper published in 1981 'An Annotated List of butterflies' named by Colin W. Wyatt (Lepidoptera; Papilionoidea-Hesperioidea) the author Otakar Kudrna from the Bonn Museum gave some interesting details of Wyatt's later life and remarked " The very unkind stories spread about him by those who never forgive sins of other people, probably because they never think that they never sin themselves were so far as I am aware exaggerated". See alt.zfmk.de/BZB/1981/1981%20Kudrna%20O.%20p221%20orginal.pdf
Wyatt's Museum collecting episode is well known by Australian Entomologists, after all he did try to steal part of their National Heritage. Wyatt it seems did his very best to hide his museum collecting episode during 1946 in his own country and elsewhere and as the paper by Kudrna shows he was quite successful. There can no doubt that Colin Wyatt was a very skilled and experienced field collector but the fact remains that he did calculated damage to a science that he professed to love. I have written this piece not to judge Wyatt but because it is an interesting piece of factual Butterfly History.
References. Various Australian Newspapers accessed on Trove.
A Rich and Diverse Fauna: The History of the Australian National Collection 1926-1991 (1997) by Murray S. Upton.
Biology of Australian Butterflies by Roger Laurence Kitching (1999).
Colin Wyatt Going Wild Autobiography of a Bug Hunter (1955).
Various PDFs.